{"attribution":{"source":"MIT AI Risk Repository, Domain Taxonomy of AI Risks v1 (MIT AI Risk Initiative)","license":"CC BY 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","citation":"Slattery, P., Saeri, A. K., Grundy, E. A. C., Graham, J., Noetel, M., Uuk, R., Dao, J., Pour, S., Casper, S., & Thompson, N. (2025). The AI Risk Repository: A comprehensive meta-review, database, and taxonomy of risks from artificial intelligence. arXiv:2408.12622."},"exported_at":"2026-09-11"}
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Replacement/displacement of human jobs by a technology system, leading to increased unemployment, inequality, reduced consumer spending, and social friction.\"","entity":"AI","intent":"Other","timing":"Post-deployment","domain":6,"subdomain":"6.2"},{"ev_id":"58.07.09","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Societal and Cultural ","risk_subcategory":"Labour exploitation ","description":"\"Labour exploitation - Use of under-paid and/or offshore labour to develop, manage or optimise a technology system.\"","entity":"Human","intent":"Intentional","timing":"Other","domain":6,"subdomain":"6.2"},{"ev_id":"58.07.10","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Societal and Cultural ","risk_subcategory":"Loss of creativity/critical thinking","description":"\"Loss of creativity/critical thinking - Devaluation and/or deterioration of human creativity, artistic ex- pression, imagination, critical thinking or problem-solving skills.\"","entity":"Other","intent":"Other","timing":"Other","domain":6,"subdomain":"6.3"},{"ev_id":"58.07.11","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Societal and Cultural ","risk_subcategory":"Stereotyping","description":"\"Stereotyping - Derogatory or otherwise harmful stereotyping or homogenisation of individuals, groups, societies or cultures due to the mis-representation, over-representation, under-representation, or non- representation of specific identities, groups, or perspectives.\"","entity":"AI","intent":"Other","timing":"Other","domain":1,"subdomain":"1.0"},{"ev_id":"58.07.12","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Societal and Cultural ","risk_subcategory":"Public service delivery deterioration ","description":"\"Public service delivery deterioration - Poor performance of a public technology system due to malfunc- tion, over-use, under-staffing etc, resulting in individuals, groups, or organisations unable to use it in a manner they can reasonably expect.\"","entity":"Not coded","intent":"Not coded","timing":"Not coded","domain":null,"subdomain":null},{"ev_id":"58.07.13","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Societal and Cultural ","risk_subcategory":"Societal destabilisation","description":"\"Societal destabilisation - Societal instability in the form of strikes, demonstrations and other types of civil unrest caused by loss of jobs to technology, unfair algorithmic outcomes, disinformation, etc.\"","entity":"AI","intent":"Other","timing":"Post-deployment","domain":6,"subdomain":"6.2"},{"ev_id":"58.07.14","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Societal and Cultural ","risk_subcategory":"Societal inequality","description":"\"Societal inequality - Increased difference in social status or wealth between individuals or groups caused or amplified by a technology system, leading to the loss of social and community wellbeing/cohesion and destabilisation.\"","entity":"AI","intent":"Other","timing":"Other","domain":6,"subdomain":"6.2"},{"ev_id":"58.07.15","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Societal and Cultural ","risk_subcategory":"Violence/armed conflict","description":"\"Violence/armed conflict - Use or misuse of a technology system to incite, facilitate or conduct cyberattacks, security breaches, lethal, biological and chemical weapons development, resulting in violence and armed conflict.\"","entity":"Human","intent":"Intentional","timing":"Post-deployment","domain":4,"subdomain":"4.2"},{"ev_id":"58.08.00","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Category","risk_category":"Political and Economic ","risk_subcategory":null,"description":"\"Political and Economic - Manipulation of political beliefs, damage to political institutions and the effective delivery of government services.\"","entity":"Other","intent":"Other","timing":"Other","domain":4,"subdomain":"4.1"},{"ev_id":"58.08.01","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Political and Economic ","risk_subcategory":"Critical infrastructure damage ","description":"\"Critical infrastructure damage - Damage, disruption to or destruction of systems essential to the functioning and safety of a nation or state, including energy, transport, health, finance, and communication systems.\"","entity":"Other","intent":"Other","timing":"Other","domain":null,"subdomain":null},{"ev_id":"58.08.02","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Political and Economic ","risk_subcategory":"Economic instability ","description":"\"Economic instability - Uncontrolled fluctuations impacting the financial system, or parts thereof, due to the use or misuse of a technology system, or set of systems.\"","entity":"Human","intent":"Other","timing":"Post-deployment","domain":5,"subdomain":"5.1"},{"ev_id":"58.08.03","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Political and Economic ","risk_subcategory":"Power concentration ","description":"\"Power concentration - Amplification of concentration of economic and/or political wealth and power, potentially resulting in increased inequality and instability.\"","entity":"Other","intent":"Other","timing":"Other","domain":6,"subdomain":"6.1"},{"ev_id":"58.08.04","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Political and Economic ","risk_subcategory":"Electoral interference ","description":"\"Electoral interference - Generation of false or misleading information that can interrupt or mislead voters and/or undermine trust in electoral processes.\"","entity":"Human","intent":"Intentional","timing":"Post-deployment","domain":4,"subdomain":"4.1"},{"ev_id":"58.08.05","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Political and Economic ","risk_subcategory":"Institutional trust loss ","description":"\"Institutional trust loss - Erosion of trust in public institutions and weakened checks and balances due to mis/disinformation, influence operations, over-dependence on technology, etc.\"","entity":"Other","intent":"Other","timing":"Post-deployment","domain":3,"subdomain":"3.2"},{"ev_id":"58.08.06","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Political and Economic ","risk_subcategory":"Political instability ","description":"\"Political instability - Political polarisation or unrest caused by increased inequality, job losses, over- dependence on technology making societies vulnerable to systemic failures, etc, arising from or amplified by the use or misuse of a technology system.\"","entity":"Human","intent":"Other","timing":"Post-deployment","domain":6,"subdomain":"6.2"},{"ev_id":"58.08.07","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Political and Economic ","risk_subcategory":"Political manipulation ","description":"\"Political manipulation - Use or misuse of personal data to target individuals’ interests, personalities and vulnerabilities with tailored political messages via micro-advertising or deepfakes/synthetic media.\"","entity":"Human","intent":"Intentional","timing":"Post-deployment","domain":4,"subdomain":"4.1"},{"ev_id":"58.09.00","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Category","risk_category":"Environmental ","risk_subcategory":null,"description":"\"Environmental - Damage to the environment directly or indirectly caused by a technology system or set of systems.\"","entity":"AI","intent":"Other","timing":"Post-deployment","domain":6,"subdomain":"6.6"},{"ev_id":"58.09.01","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Environmental ","risk_subcategory":"Biodiversity loss ","description":"\"Biodiversity loss - Over-expansion of technology infrastructure, or inadequate alignment of technology with sustainable practices, leading to deforestation, habitat destruction, and fragmentation and loss of biodiversity.\"","entity":"Other","intent":"Unintentional","timing":"Other","domain":6,"subdomain":"6.6"},{"ev_id":"58.09.02","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Environmental ","risk_subcategory":"Carbon emissions ","description":"\"Carbon emissions - Release of carbon dioxide, nitric oxide and other gases, increasing carbon emissions, exacerbating climate change, and negatively impacting local communities.\"","entity":"Other","intent":"Other","timing":"Other","domain":6,"subdomain":"6.6"},{"ev_id":"58.09.03","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Environmental ","risk_subcategory":"Electronic waste ","description":"\"Electronic waste - Electrical or electronic equipment that is waste, including all components, sub-assemblies and consumables that are part of the equipment at the time the equipment becomes waste\"","entity":"Other","intent":"Other","timing":"Other","domain":6,"subdomain":"6.6"},{"ev_id":"58.09.04","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Environmental ","risk_subcategory":"Excessive energy consumption ","description":"\"Excessive energy consumption - Excessive energy use, leading to energy bottlenecks and shortages for communities, organisations, and businesses.\"","entity":"Human","intent":"Unintentional","timing":"Other","domain":6,"subdomain":"6.6"},{"ev_id":"58.09.05","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Environmental ","risk_subcategory":"Excessive landfill ","description":"\"Excessive landfill - Excessive disposal of electrical or electronic equipment leading to ecological/biodiversity damage, and disrupting the livelihoods and eroding the rights of local communities.\"","entity":"Human","intent":"Unintentional","timing":"Other","domain":6,"subdomain":"6.6"},{"ev_id":"58.09.06","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Environmental ","risk_subcategory":"Excessive water consumption ","description":"\"Excessive water consumption - Excessive use of water to cool data centres and for other purposes, leading to water restrictions or shortages for local communities or businesses.\"","entity":"Human","intent":"Unintentional","timing":"Other","domain":6,"subdomain":"6.6"},{"ev_id":"58.09.07","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Environmental ","risk_subcategory":"Natural resource depletion","description":"\"Natural resource depletion - Extraction of minerals, metals, rare earths, and fossil fuels that deplete natural resources and increase carbon emissions.\"","entity":"Human","intent":"Other","timing":"Other","domain":6,"subdomain":"6.6"},{"ev_id":"58.09.08","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Environmental ","risk_subcategory":"Pollution ","description":"\"Pollution - Actual or potential pollution to the air, ground, noise, or water caused by a technology system.\"","entity":"AI","intent":"Other","timing":"Post-deployment","domain":6,"subdomain":"6.6"}]}