{"attribution":{"source":"MIT AI Risk Repository, Domain Taxonomy of AI Risks v1 (MIT AI Risk Initiative)","license":"CC BY 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","citation":"Slattery, P., Saeri, A. K., Grundy, E. A. C., Graham, J., Noetel, M., Uuk, R., Dao, J., Pour, S., Casper, S., & Thompson, N. (2025). The AI Risk Repository: A comprehensive meta-review, database, and taxonomy of risks from artificial intelligence. arXiv:2408.12622."},"exported_at":"2026-09-11"}
{"rows":[{"ev_id":"17.01.00","quick_ref":"Weidinger2021","paper_title":"Ethical and social risks of harm from language models","level":"Risk Category","risk_category":"Discrimination, Exclusion and Toxicity ","risk_subcategory":null,"description":"\"Social harms that arise from the language model producing discriminatory or exclusionary speech\"","entity":"AI","intent":"Unintentional","timing":"Post-deployment","domain":1,"subdomain":"1.0"},{"ev_id":"18.01.00","quick_ref":"Weidinger2023","paper_title":"Sociotechnical Safety Evaluation of Generative AI Systems","level":"Risk Category","risk_category":"Representation & Toxicity Harms","risk_subcategory":null,"description":"\"AI systems under-, over-, or misrepresenting certain groups or generating toxic, offensive, abusive, or hateful content\"","entity":"AI","intent":"Unintentional","timing":"Post-deployment","domain":1,"subdomain":"1.0"},{"ev_id":"19.05.00","quick_ref":"Wirtz2022","paper_title":"Governance of artificial intelligence: A risk and guideline-based integrative framework","level":"Risk Category","risk_category":"Ethical AI Risks ","risk_subcategory":null,"description":"\"In the context of ethical AI risks, two risks are of particular importance. First, AI systems may lack a legitimate ethical basis in establishing rules that greatly influence society and human relationships (Wirtz & Müller, 2019). In addition, AI-based discrimination refers to an unfair treatment of certain population groups by AI systems. As humans initially programme AI systems, serve as their potential data source, and have an impact on the associated data processes and databases, human biases and prejudices may also become part of AI systems and be reproduced (Weyerer & Langer, 2019, 2020","entity":"Other","intent":"Unintentional","timing":"Other","domain":1,"subdomain":"1.0"},{"ev_id":"28.02.00","quick_ref":"Zhang2023","paper_title":"SafetyBench: Evaluating the Safety of Large Language Models with Multiple Choice Questions","level":"Risk Category","risk_category":"Unfairness and Bias ","risk_subcategory":null,"description":"\"This type of safety problem is mainly about social bias across various topics such as race, gender, religion, etc. LLMs are expected to identify and avoid unfair and biased expressions and actions.\"","entity":"AI","intent":"Other","timing":"Post-deployment","domain":1,"subdomain":"1.0"},{"ev_id":"50.04.02","quick_ref":"Zeng2024","paper_title":"AI Risk Categorization Decoded (AIR 2024): From Government Regulations to Corporate Policies","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Legal and Rights-Related Risks ","risk_subcategory":"Discrimination/Bias (Discriminatory Activities) ","description":null,"entity":"Other","intent":"Other","timing":"Other","domain":1,"subdomain":"1.0"},{"ev_id":"58.07.11","quick_ref":"Abercrombie2024","paper_title":"A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms","level":"Risk Sub-Category","risk_category":"Societal and Cultural ","risk_subcategory":"Stereotyping","description":"\"Stereotyping - Derogatory or otherwise harmful stereotyping or homogenisation of individuals, groups, societies or cultures due to the mis-representation, over-representation, under-representation, or non- representation of specific identities, groups, or perspectives.\"","entity":"AI","intent":"Other","timing":"Other","domain":1,"subdomain":"1.0"},{"ev_id":"62.34.00","quick_ref":"Gipiškis2024","paper_title":"Risk Sources and Risk Management Measures in Support of Standards for General-Purpose AI Systems","level":"Risk Category","risk_category":"Impacts of AI (Bias) ","risk_subcategory":null,"description":null,"entity":"Not coded","intent":"Not coded","timing":"Not coded","domain":1,"subdomain":"1.0"},{"ev_id":"66.06.00","quick_ref":"Li2025","paper_title":"A Closer Look at the Existing Risks of Generative AI: Mapping the Who, What, and How of Real-World Incidents","level":"Risk Category","risk_category":"Representation and Toxicity","risk_subcategory":"-","description":"\"AI systems under-, over-, or misrepresenting certain groups or generating toxic, offensive, abusive, or hateful content\"","entity":"AI","intent":"Unintentional","timing":"Post-deployment","domain":1,"subdomain":"1.0"}]}