{"slug":"ca-quebec","name":"Quebec (Canada)","short_name":"Quebec","iso_code":"CA-QC","jurisdiction_type":"state","region":"Americas","subregion":"Northern America","overview":"Quebec's Law 25 (Act to modernize legislative provisions as regards the protection of personal information, 2021) introduced Canada's first statutory rules on automated decision-making: from September 2023 organisations must inform individuals when a decision is based exclusively on automated processing, on request explain the personal information and principal factors used and allow observations, and must conduct privacy impact assessments and give notice of biometric identification systems. The Commission d'accès à l'information enforces it with GDPR-scale penalties.","regulatory_status_summary":"Law 25 automated-decision and biometric provisions in force since September 2023.","binding_vs_guidance":"Binding: Quebec Law 25 (automated decisions and biometrics). Strategy or guidance: none recorded.","current_priorities":null,"regulators":[{"name":"Commission d'accès à l'information du Québec (CAI)","url":"https://www.cai.gouv.qc.ca/","role":"Enforces Law 25 and the private-sector privacy act"}],"official_sources":[{"title":"Act to modernize legislative provisions as regards the protection of personal information (S.Q. 2021, c. 25)","publisher":"Publications Québec / Assemblée nationale du Québec","url":"https://www.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/fileadmin/Fichiers_client/lois_et_reglements/LoisAnnuelles/en/2021/2021C25A.PDF","document_date":"2021-09-22","document_type":"legislation","tier":1}],"related_jurisdictions":["canada","ca-ontario","eu"],"url":"https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/ca-quebec","source":{"official_source_url":"https://www.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/fileadmin/Fichiers_client/lois_et_reglements/LoisAnnuelles/en/2021/2021C25A.PDF","source_title":"Act to modernize legislative provisions as regards the protection of personal information (S.Q. 2021, c. 25)","source_publisher":"Publications Québec / Assemblée nationale du Québec","source_document_date":"2021-09-22","source_reference":null,"source_tier":1,"last_checked_at":"2026-09-26","last_verified_at":"2026-09-26","review_status":"verified","confidence_level":"medium","content_version":1,"change_summary":"Added in the September 2026 global coverage expansion; overview composed from the listed instruments and official sources. Reviewer to confirm regulators and status.","reviewed_by":"Bhaskar Bhatt"},"policies":[{"slug":"ca-quebec-law-25-automated-decision-provisions","id":"AIPT-POL-0039","permanent_url":"https://aipolicytracker.org/id/AIPT-POL-0039","title":"Quebec Law 25 (S.Q. 2021, c. 25): provisions on decisions based exclusively on automated processing and biometric systems","short_title":"Quebec Law 25 (automated decisions and biometrics)","jurisdiction":"ca-quebec","instrument_type":"act","status":"in_force","is_binding":true,"ai_specific":true,"issuing_body":"National Assembly of Quebec","summary_plain":"Section 12.1 of the private-sector privacy act (as amended by Law 25, in force 22 September 2023) requires any enterprise that uses personal information to render a decision based exclusively on automated processing to inform the person no later than when the decision is made, and, on request, to tell them what personal information was used, the reasons and principal factors and parameters, and their right to have the information corrected, and to give them an opportunity to submit observations to a person who can review the decision. Biometric identification databases must be declared to the Commission d'accès à l'information 60 days before use, and privacy impact assessments are mandatory for projects involving personal information. Penalties reach CAD 25 million or 4% of worldwide turnover.","adopted_on":"2021-09-22","in_force_on":"2023-09-22","applies_from":"2023-09-22","official_source_url":"https://www.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/fileadmin/Fichiers_client/lois_et_reglements/LoisAnnuelles/en/2021/2021C25A.PDF","last_verified_at":"2026-09-26","reviewed_by":"Bhaskar Bhatt","content_version":1,"review_status":"verified","confidence_level":"high","updated_at":"2026-10-15T06:46:23+00:00","url":"https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/ca-quebec-law-25-automated-decision-provisions"}]}