{"slug":"council-of-europe","name":"Council of Europe","short_name":"CoE","iso_code":null,"jurisdiction_type":"supranational","region":"Europe","subregion":"Continental","overview":"The Council of Europe adopted the first legally binding international treaty on AI, the Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law (CETS No. 225), on 17 May 2024; it opened for signature in Vilnius on 5 September 2024 and has been signed by the EU, the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Japan, Israel and others. It requires parties to adopt measures so that AI activities are consistent with human rights, democracy and the rule of law, using a risk- and impact-based approach, and is supplemented by the HUDERIA risk and impact assessment methodology (2024).","regulatory_status_summary":"Framework Convention adopted and open for signature; entry into force depends on ratifications; HUDERIA methodology adopted.","binding_vs_guidance":"Binding: Framework Convention on AI (CETS 225). Strategy or guidance: HUDERIA risk and impact assessment methodology.","current_priorities":null,"regulators":[{"name":"Council of Europe Committee on Artificial Intelligence (CAI)","url":"https://www.coe.int/en/web/artificial-intelligence/cai","role":"Negotiated the Convention and follow-up instruments"}],"official_sources":[{"title":"Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law (CETS No. 225)","publisher":"Council of Europe","url":"https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list?module=treaty-detail&treatynum=225","document_date":"2024-05-17","document_type":"legislation","tier":1},{"title":"The Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence","publisher":"Council of Europe","url":"https://www.coe.int/en/web/artificial-intelligence/the-framework-convention-on-artificial-intelligence","document_type":"official","tier":1}],"related_jurisdictions":["eu","uk","switzerland","us","canada","japan"],"url":"https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/council-of-europe","source":{"official_source_url":"https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list?module=treaty-detail&treatynum=225","source_title":"Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law (CETS No. 225)","source_publisher":"Council of Europe","source_document_date":"2024-05-17","source_reference":null,"source_tier":1,"last_checked_at":"2026-09-26","last_verified_at":"2026-09-26","review_status":"verified","confidence_level":"medium","content_version":1,"change_summary":"Added in the September 2026 global coverage expansion; overview composed from the listed instruments and official sources. Reviewer to confirm regulators and status.","reviewed_by":"Bhaskar Bhatt"},"policies":[{"slug":"council-of-europe-framework-convention-on-ai","id":"AIPT-POL-0055","permanent_url":"https://aipolicytracker.org/id/AIPT-POL-0055","title":"Council of Europe Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law (CETS No. 225)","short_title":"Framework Convention on AI (CETS 225)","jurisdiction":"council-of-europe","instrument_type":"act","status":"adopted","is_binding":true,"ai_specific":true,"issuing_body":"Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe","summary_plain":"The first international treaty on AI. Parties must adopt or maintain measures so that activities within the lifecycle of AI systems are consistent with human rights, democracy and the rule of law, covering public authorities and actors on their behalf and, by choice of approach, private actors. It sets principles (human dignity and autonomy, transparency and oversight, accountability, equality and non-discrimination, privacy, reliability, safe innovation), requires remedies, procedural safeguards and risk and impact assessment, allows moratoria or bans for incompatible uses, and creates a Conference of the Parties for follow-up. National-security activities and defence are excluded.","adopted_on":"2024-05-17","in_force_on":null,"applies_from":null,"official_source_url":"https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list?module=treaty-detail&treatynum=225","last_verified_at":"2026-09-26","reviewed_by":"Bhaskar Bhatt","content_version":1,"review_status":"verified","confidence_level":"high","updated_at":"2026-10-15T06:46:23+00:00","url":"https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/council-of-europe-framework-convention-on-ai"},{"slug":"council-of-europe-huderia-methodology","id":"AIPT-POL-0056","permanent_url":"https://aipolicytracker.org/id/AIPT-POL-0056","title":"Methodology for the Risk and Impact Assessment of Artificial Intelligence Systems from the Point of View of Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law (HUDERIA)","short_title":"HUDERIA risk and impact assessment methodology","jurisdiction":"council-of-europe","instrument_type":"framework","status":"guidance","is_binding":false,"ai_specific":true,"issuing_body":"Council of Europe Committee on Artificial Intelligence (CAI)","summary_plain":"Adopted by the CAI in November 2024, HUDERIA is a structured methodology for assessing risks and impacts of AI systems on human rights, democracy and the rule of law across the lifecycle: context-based risk analysis, stakeholder engagement, risk and impact assessment, and mitigation planning with iterative review. It supports implementation of the Framework Convention and can be used by public and private organisations.","adopted_on":"2024-11-28","in_force_on":null,"applies_from":null,"official_source_url":"https://www.coe.int/en/web/artificial-intelligence/huderia","last_verified_at":"2026-09-26","reviewed_by":"Bhaskar Bhatt","content_version":1,"review_status":"verified","confidence_level":"medium","updated_at":"2026-10-15T06:46:23+00:00","url":"https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/council-of-europe-huderia-methodology"}]}