{"slug":"estonia","name":"Estonia","short_name":"Estonia","iso_code":"EE","jurisdiction_type":"country","region":"Europe","subregion":"Northern Europe","overview":"Estonia applies the EU AI Act and pursues AI through its \"kratt\" programme: successive national AI strategies (2019–2021, 2022–2023, 2024–2026) focused on AI in public services, the Bürokratt virtual-assistant network and open-source components, with the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications and the Information System Authority (RIA) leading. Estonia has proposed the Consumer Protection and Technical Regulatory Authority (TTJA) as AI Act market-surveillance authority.","regulatory_status_summary":"EU AI Act applies; national AI strategy 2024–2026 as policy; authority designation in progress.","binding_vs_guidance":"Binding: none recorded. Strategy or guidance: National AI strategy 2024–2026.","current_priorities":null,"regulators":[{"name":"Majandus- ja Kommunikatsiooniministeerium (Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications)","url":"https://www.mkm.ee/en","role":"AI strategy lead"},{"name":"Tarbijakaitse ja Tehnilise Järelevalve Amet (TTJA)","url":"https://www.ttja.ee/en","role":"Proposed market-surveillance authority for the AI Act"},{"name":"Andmekaitse Inspektsioon","url":"https://www.aki.ee/en","role":"Data-protection authority"}],"official_sources":[{"title":"Estonia's national AI strategy (kratid)","publisher":"Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications","url":"https://www.kratid.ee/en","document_type":"strategy","tier":1}],"related_jurisdictions":["eu","finland","latvia","lithuania"],"url":"https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/estonia","source":{"official_source_url":"https://www.kratid.ee/en","source_title":"Estonia's national AI strategy (kratid)","source_publisher":"Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications","source_document_date":null,"source_reference":null,"source_tier":1,"last_checked_at":"2026-09-26","last_verified_at":"2026-09-26","review_status":"verified","confidence_level":"medium","content_version":1,"change_summary":"Added in the September 2026 global coverage expansion; overview composed from the listed instruments and official sources. Reviewer to confirm regulators and status.","reviewed_by":"Bhaskar Bhatt"},"policies":[{"slug":"estonia-national-ai-strategy-2024-2026","id":"AIPT-POL-0071","permanent_url":"https://aipolicytracker.org/id/AIPT-POL-0071","title":"Eesti tehisintellekti tegevuskava 2024–2026 (Estonia's national AI action plan)","short_title":"National AI strategy 2024–2026","jurisdiction":"estonia","instrument_type":"strategy","status":"adopted","is_binding":false,"ai_specific":true,"issuing_body":"Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications","summary_plain":"The third Estonian AI action plan continues the \"kratt\" programme: adoption of AI in public services and the Bürokratt virtual-assistant ecosystem, support for private-sector use, skills and research, data availability, and preparation for the EU AI Act, including public-sector guidelines on generative AI.","adopted_on":"2024-01-01","in_force_on":null,"applies_from":null,"official_source_url":"https://www.kratid.ee/en","last_verified_at":"2026-09-26","reviewed_by":"Bhaskar Bhatt","content_version":1,"review_status":"verified","confidence_level":"low","updated_at":"2026-10-15T06:46:23+00:00","url":"https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/estonia-national-ai-strategy-2024-2026"}]}