# AIPolicyTracker

> AIPolicyTracker turns AI policy into practical compliance action. Explore source-backed AI laws, regulations, standards, public-sector guidance, obligations, deadlines, and implementation actions across jurisdictions.

AIPolicyTracker is an open, source-backed AI policy and regulatory intelligence platform. Every policy record links to a primary official source, shows its current status and a verification state, and is published as open data (CC BY 4.0). Content is informational only and is not legal advice.

## Content taxonomy

- Jurisdictions: countries, supranational bodies and sub-national states, each with regulatory status, binding rules vs guidance, regulators and official sources.
- Policy instruments: acts, regulations, executive orders, rules, strategies, frameworks, guidance, standards, codes of practice, consultations. Statuses: proposed, under_consultation, adopted, in_force, partially_applicable, guidance, voluntary_standard, enforcement_action, superseded, repealed, archived.
- Obligations: practical requirements (risk management, data governance, transparency, human oversight, technical documentation, post-market monitoring, incident handling, vendor governance, impact assessment and more) with source article, actors, evidence examples and original framework mappings.
- Deadlines and change events: dated milestones and developments with practical impact and official sources.

## Canonical pages

- Home: https://aipolicytracker.org
- Policy explorer: https://aipolicytracker.org/policies
- Jurisdictions: https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions
- Obligations: https://aipolicytracker.org/obligations
- Compare: https://aipolicytracker.org/compare
- Change log: https://aipolicytracker.org/changes (RSS: https://aipolicytracker.org/changes/feed)
- AI risk domains (MIT AI Risk Repository taxonomy with incident counts): https://aipolicytracker.org/ai-risk
- AI incidents summary (AI Incident Database, weekly): https://aipolicytracker.org/ai-risk/incidents
- Browse and export incidents: https://aipolicytracker.org/ai-risk/incidents/browse (CSV: https://aipolicytracker.org/ai-risk/incidents/export.csv)
- Browse and export MIT AI Risk Repository entries: https://aipolicytracker.org/ai-risk/risks (CSV: https://aipolicytracker.org/ai-risk/risks/export.csv)
- Frameworks behind the risk database: https://aipolicytracker.org/ai-risk/frameworks
- Applicability check (educational): https://aipolicytracker.org/tools/applicability-check
- Methodology: https://aipolicytracker.org/methodology
- Open data and API: https://aipolicytracker.org/open-data (OpenAPI: https://aipolicytracker.org/openapi.json)
- Guides: https://aipolicytracker.org/guides
- About, maintainers and references: https://aipolicytracker.org/about

## Jurisdictions

- [AI regulation in African Union](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/african-union): Instruments on record: Continental Artificial Intelligence Strategy (2024, strategy, adopted). Each is linked to its official source; human verification pending.
- [AI regulation in Algeria](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/algeria): National AI strategy (2025) as policy; National AI Council; no AI-specific law.
- [AI regulation in Argentina](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/argentina): Instruments on record: Disposición 2/2023 (2023, regulation, in force); Decisión Administrativa 899/2024 (2024, regulation, in force). Each is linked to its official source; human verification pending...
- [AI regulation in ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations)](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/asean): Voluntary regional guides (2024, 2025); no binding ASEAN AI regulation.
- [AI regulation in Australia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/australia): No binding cross-sector AI law; mandatory guardrails were consulted on in 2024 but the December 2025 National AI Plan signalled an existing-law approach. Voluntary AI Safety Standard available. Govern...
- [AI regulation in Austria](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/austria): EU AI Act applies; RTR AI service desk operating; AIM AT 2030 strategy as policy; authority designation in progress.
- [AI regulation in Azerbaijan](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/azerbaijan): Azerbaijan approved the Artificial Intelligence Strategy 2025–2028 by presidential decree in March 2025. General law (data protection where enacted, consumer, telecommunications and sector rules) appl...
- [AI regulation in Bahrain](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/bahrain): Instruments on record: General Policy for the Use of Artificial Intelligence (2025, policy, adopted). Each is linked to its official source; human verification pending.
- [AI regulation in Bangladesh](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/bangladesh): Instruments on record: National Artificial Intelligence Policy 2026-2030 (2026, consultation, under consultation). Each is linked to its official source; human verification pending.
- [AI regulation in Belgium](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/belgium): EU AI Act applies; national convergence plan (2022) and regional strategies as policy; authority designation in progress.
- [AI regulation in Benin](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/benin): National AI and big-data strategy 2023–2027 as policy; Digital Code applies.
- [AI regulation in Bhutan](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/bhutan): Instruments on record: Bhutan National AI Strategy 2025 (2025, strategy, adopted). Each is linked to its official source; human verification pending.
- [AI regulation in Brazil](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/brazil): Instruments on record: Projeto de Lei nº 2338/2023 (2023, bill, proposed); Plano Brasileiro de Inteligência Artificial 2024-2028 (2024, strategy, adopted). Each is linked to its official source; human...
- [AI regulation in Bulgaria](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/bulgaria): EU AI Act applies; AI concept to 2030 (2020) as policy.
- [AI regulation in California (United States)](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/us-california): Several binding statutes in force or with 2026 effective dates; SB 53 operative from 1 January 2026. The state's privacy regulator also enforces automated-decision-making rules. A reviewer must confir...
- [AI regulation in Cambodia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/cambodia): National AI strategy in preparation; ASEAN guides as reference; no AI-specific law.
- [AI regulation in Canada](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/canada): Instruments on record: Pan-Canadian Artificial Intelligence Strategy (2017, strategy, adopted); Artificial Intelligence and Data Act (2022, bill, archived); Voluntary Code of Conduct on the Responsibl...
- [AI regulation in Chile](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/chile): Instruments on record: Política Nacional de Inteligencia Artificial (2024, strategy, adopted); Proyecto de ley que regula los sistemas de inteligencia artificial, Boletín 16821-19 (2024, bill, propose...
- [AI regulation in China](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/china): Instruments on record: Interim Measures for the Management of Generative Artificial Intelligence Services (2023, regulation, in force); Measures for Labeling Artificial Intelligence-Generated and Synt...
- [AI regulation in Colombia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/colombia): Instruments on record: Documento CONPES 4144 (2025, strategy, adopted). Each is linked to its official source; human verification pending.
- [AI regulation in Colorado (United States)](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/us-colorado): Adopted state statute; originally effective 1 February 2026, delayed to 30 June 2026 by SB 25B-004 (August 2025). Enforcement is by the Colorado Attorney General. A reviewer must confirm whether the 2...
- [AI regulation in Costa Rica](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/costa-rica): National AI strategy 2024–2027 adopted; AI bill under consideration in the Legislative Assembly.
- [AI regulation in Côte d'Ivoire](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/cote-d-ivoire): National AI strategy (2025) as policy; data-protection law applies; no AI-specific law.
- [AI regulation in Council of Europe](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/council-of-europe): Framework Convention adopted and open for signature; entry into force depends on ratifications; HUDERIA methodology adopted.
- [AI regulation in Croatia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/croatia): EU AI Act applies; national AI plan in preparation/adopted; authority designation in progress.
- [AI regulation in Cuba](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/cuba): National AI strategy and ministerial resolution (2024) as policy.
- [AI regulation in Cyprus](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/cyprus): EU AI Act applies; national AI strategy (2020) and action plan (2024) as policy.
- [AI regulation in Czechia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/czechia): EU AI Act applies; National AI Strategy 2030 (2024); authority designation in progress.
- [AI regulation in Denmark](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/denmark): EU AI Act applies; coordinating authority designated; national AI strategy (2019) and digital strategy as policy.
- [AI regulation in Dominican Republic](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/dominican-republic): National AI strategy (2023) as policy; no AI-specific law.
- [AI regulation in Ecuador](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/ecuador): AI bill under consideration; data-protection law applies; national AI policy in development.
- [AI regulation in Egypt](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/egypt): Instruments on record: Egypt National Artificial Intelligence Strategy (2021, strategy, adopted); National AI Strategy (2025, strategy, adopted). Each is linked to its official source; human verificat...
- [AI regulation in El Salvador](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/el-salvador): El Salvador enacted a Law for the Promotion of Artificial Intelligence and Emerging Technologies in February 2025, one of the first AI-specific laws in Latin America, creating an Agency for AI (ANIA)...
- [AI regulation in Estonia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/estonia): EU AI Act applies; national AI strategy 2024–2026 as policy; authority designation in progress.
- [AI regulation in Ethiopia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/ethiopia): National AI policy (2024) as policy; AI Institute leads; data-protection law applies.
- [AI regulation in European Union](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/eu): Binding regulation in force and partially applicable. Prohibited practices and AI-literacy duties apply since 2 February 2025; general-purpose AI model obligations and the governance and penalties cha...
- [AI regulation in Finland](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/finland): EU AI Act applies; national implementing act proposed; AI programmes since 2017 as policy.
- [AI regulation in France](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/france): EU AI Act applies; national AI strategy (phases since 2018) as policy; CNIL AI guidance; competent-authority designation in progress.
- [AI regulation in Germany](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/germany): EU AI Act applies; national implementing act (KI-Marktüberwachungs- und Innovationsförderungsgesetz) proposed; national AI strategy in force as policy.
- [AI regulation in Ghana](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/ghana): Instruments on record: Ghana National Artificial Intelligence Strategy (2026, strategy, adopted). Each is linked to its official source; human verification pending.
- [AI regulation in Greece](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/greece): EU AI Act applies; Law 4961/2022 provisions on AI in the public sector and employment in force; AI blueprint (2024) as policy.
- [AI regulation in Holy See (Vatican)](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/holy-see): The Holy See is the home of the Rome Call for AI Ethics (2020) promoted by the Pontifical Academy for Life, and issued the doctrinal note "Antiqua et Nova" on AI and human intelligence (January 2025);...
- [AI regulation in Hong Kong SAR](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/hong-kong): No AI-specific law; PCPD AI frameworks and Digital Policy Office guidance; financial-regulator circulars.
- [AI regulation in Hungary](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/hungary): EU AI Act applies; national AI strategy (2020) as policy.
- [AI regulation in Iceland](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/iceland): EU AI Act to be incorporated via the EEA; AI policy (2021) and action plan 2024–2026 as policy.
- [AI regulation in Illinois (United States)](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/us-illinois): AI Video Interview Act in force (2020); HB 3773 employment-AI amendments effective 1 January 2026; BIPA applies to biometric AI.
- [AI regulation in India](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/india): No binding cross-sector AI law. Binding obligations arise from the DPDP Act 2023 (phased commencement under the November 2025 Rules), the IT Act and intermediary rules, and sector regulation. The Indi...
- [AI regulation in Indonesia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/indonesia): Instruments on record: Strategi Nasional Kecerdasan Artifisial Indonesia 2020-2045 (2020, strategy, adopted); Surat Edaran Menteri Komunikasi dan Informatika Nomor 9 Tahun 2023 tentang Etika Kecerdasa...
- [AI regulation in International organisations (OECD, UNESCO, UN, G7, ISO)](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/international): Non-binding recommendations, declarations and a voluntary standard; binding effect arises only through national implementation or contractual adoption.
- [AI regulation in Ireland](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/ireland): EU AI Act applies; competent authorities designated in phases; national AI strategy refreshed 2024.
- [AI regulation in Israel](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/israel): National AI policy (2023) as policy; sector regulators act within existing law; no horizontal AI statute.
- [AI regulation in Italy](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/italy): EU AI Act applies; national AI law in force since 10 October 2025; AI strategy 2024–2026 as policy; active data-protection enforcement.
- [AI regulation in Jamaica](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/jamaica): National AI policy framework (2024) as policy; data-protection law applies.
- [AI regulation in Japan](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/japan): Instruments on record: AI Guidelines for Business (2024, guidance, guidance); Act on Promotion of Research and Development, and Utilization of Artificial Intelligence-related Technology (2025, act, in...
- [AI regulation in Jordan](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/jordan): National AI strategy 2023–2027 and AI ethics charter as policy; data-protection law applies.
- [AI regulation in Kazakhstan](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/kazakhstan): Law on AI adopted (2025); AI development concept 2024–2029 as policy.
- [AI regulation in Kenya](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/kenya): Instruments on record: Kenya Artificial Intelligence Strategy 2025-2030 (2025, strategy, adopted). Each is linked to its official source; human verification pending.
- [AI regulation in Kuwait](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/kuwait): National AI strategy 2025–2028 as policy; CITRA guidelines; no AI-specific law.
- [AI regulation in Latvia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/latvia): EU AI Act applies; AI development report (2020) and digital transformation guidelines as policy.
- [AI regulation in Lebanon](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/lebanon): National AI strategy 2024–2030 as policy; no AI-specific law.
- [AI regulation in Lithuania](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/lithuania): EU AI Act applies; AI strategy (2019) as policy; authority designation in progress.
- [AI regulation in Luxembourg](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/luxembourg): EU AI Act applies; AI strategic vision (2019) as policy; authority designation in progress.
- [AI regulation in Malaysia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/malaysia): Instruments on record: National Artificial Intelligence Roadmap 2021-2025 (2021, strategy, adopted); The National Guidelines on AI Governance & Ethics (2024, guidance, guidance); Artificial Intelligen...
- [AI regulation in Malta](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/malta): EU AI Act applies; AI strategy 2030 (2019) as policy; MDIA certification voluntary.
- [AI regulation in Mauritius](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/mauritius): National AI strategy (2018) as policy; data-protection law applies; no AI-specific law.
- [AI regulation in Mexico](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/mexico): Instruments on record: Iniciativa con proyecto de decreto por el que se expide la Ley Federal para el Desarrollo Ético, Soberano e Inclusivo de (2025, bill, proposed); Plan Nacional de Inteligencia Ar...
- [AI regulation in Mongolia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/mongolia): National AI strategy (2024) as policy; no AI-specific law.
- [AI regulation in Morocco](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/morocco): Digital Morocco 2030 with AI pillar as policy; national AI strategy and AI bill in preparation; data-protection law applies.
- [AI regulation in Namibia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/namibia): National AI policy in development; data-protection bill pending.
- [AI regulation in Nepal](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/nepal): National AI policy adopted (2025); no binding AI-specific law; privacy and electronic-transaction laws apply. Source certainty for policy documents is medium because official English-language texts an...
- [AI regulation in Netherlands](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/netherlands): EU AI Act applies; Dutch DPA coordinates algorithm supervision; public-sector algorithm register and generative-AI vision as policy.
- [AI regulation in New York (United States)](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/us-new-york): NYC Local Law 144 enforced since July 2023; RAISE Act enacted December 2025 (effective 2027); DFS guidance for regulated entities.
- [AI regulation in New Zealand](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/new-zealand): National AI Strategy (2025) and responsible-AI guidance as policy; Algorithm Charter for government agencies; no AI-specific law.
- [AI regulation in Nigeria](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/nigeria): Instruments on record: National Artificial Intelligence Strategy (2024, strategy, proposed). Each is linked to its official source; human verification pending.
- [AI regulation in Norway](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/norway): EU AI Act being incorporated via the EEA; national AI strategy (2020) as policy; DPA sandbox operating.
- [AI regulation in Oman](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/oman): National AI programme and government AI policy (2024) as policy; data-protection law applies.
- [AI regulation in Ontario (Canada)](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/ca-ontario): Public-sector AI framework act (2024) with regulations to follow; job-posting AI disclosure in force from January 2026.
- [AI regulation in Pakistan](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/pakistan): Instruments on record: National Artificial Intelligence Policy 2025 (2025, policy, adopted). Each is linked to its official source; human verification pending.
- [AI regulation in Panama](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/panama): AI bill under consideration; national AI strategy in development; data-protection law applies.
- [AI regulation in Paraguay](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/paraguay): National AI policy (2024) as policy; AI bills under consideration.
- [AI regulation in Peru](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/peru): Instruments on record: Ley N° 31814 (2023, act, in force); Decreto Supremo N° 115-2025-PCM (2025, act, in force). Each is linked to its official source; human verification pending.
- [AI regulation in Philippines](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/philippines): Instruments on record: National AI Strategy Roadmap 2.0 (2024, strategy, adopted); National AI Strategy for the Philippines (2025, strategy, proposed). Each is linked to its official source; human ver...
- [AI regulation in Poland](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/poland): EU AI Act applies; national implementing bill proposed (2024–2025); AI development policy (2020).
- [AI regulation in Portugal](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/portugal): EU AI Act applies; AI Portugal 2030 (2019) and 2025 AI agenda as policy; authority designation in progress.
- [AI regulation in Qatar](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/qatar): Instruments on record: National Artificial Intelligence Strategy for Qatar 2019 (2019, strategy, adopted). Each is linked to its official source; human verification pending.
- [AI regulation in Quebec (Canada)](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/ca-quebec): Law 25 automated-decision and biometric provisions in force since September 2023.
- [AI regulation in Romania](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/romania): EU AI Act applies; National AI Strategy 2024–2027 adopted; authority designation in progress.
- [AI regulation in Russia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/russia): National AI strategy (2019, updated 2024) as policy; experimental legal regimes in force; AI ethics code voluntary.
- [AI regulation in Rwanda](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/rwanda): Instruments on record: The National AI Policy (2023, policy, adopted). Each is linked to its official source; human verification pending.
- [AI regulation in Saudi Arabia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/saudi-arabia): Instruments on record: National Strategy for Data & AI (2020, strategy, adopted); AI Ethics Principles (2025, guidance, guidance). Each is linked to its official source; human verification pending.
- [AI regulation in Senegal](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/senegal): National AI strategy (2025) as policy; data-protection law applies; no AI-specific law.
- [AI regulation in Serbia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/serbia): AI strategy 2025–2030 adopted; ethical guidelines (2023); AI law in preparation; EU AI Act alignment as a candidate country.
- [AI regulation in Sierra Leone](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/sierra-leone): National AI strategy (2024) as policy; no AI-specific law.
- [AI regulation in Singapore](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/singapore): No binding cross-sector AI law. Binding obligations come from the Personal Data Protection Act 2012, the Online Safety framework, sector regulation and consumer law. AI governance frameworks are volun...
- [AI regulation in Slovakia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/slovakia): EU AI Act applies; national AI strategy 2030 (2024) as policy.
- [AI regulation in Slovenia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/slovenia): EU AI Act applies; national AI programme (2021) as policy; IRCAI hosted.
- [AI regulation in South Africa](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/south-africa): Instruments on record: Draft South Africa National Artificial Intelligence (2026, policy, archived). Each is linked to its official source; human verification pending.
- [AI regulation in South Korea](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/south-korea): Instruments on record: Framework Act on the Development of Artificial Intelligence and Establishment of a Foundation for Trust (2025, act, in force). Each is linked to its official source; human verif...
- [AI regulation in Spain](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/spain): EU AI Act applies; AESIA operational; national implementation bill proposed (2025); AI Strategy 2024 as policy.
- [AI regulation in Sri Lanka](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/sri-lanka): National AI strategy (2024) as policy; data-protection law applies; no AI-specific law.
- [AI regulation in Sweden](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/sweden): EU AI Act applies; AI Commission roadmap (2024) under implementation as policy; national approach (2018).
- [AI regulation in Switzerland](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/switzerland): No horizontal AI law; Federal Council approach (2025): Council of Europe convention plus sector rules; federal AI guidelines (2020).
- [AI regulation in Taiwan](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/taiwan): AI Basic Act adopted by the Executive Yuan (2024) and under legislative process; sector guidance from financial regulators.
- [AI regulation in Tajikistan](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/tajikistan): Tajikistan approved a Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence until 2040 in 2021. General law (data protection where enacted, consumer, telecommunications and sector rules) applies to...
- [AI regulation in Tanzania](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/tanzania): National AI strategy in development; data-protection law applies; no AI-specific law.
- [AI regulation in Tennessee (United States)](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/us-tennessee): ELVIS Act (voice and likeness protection against unauthorised AI cloning) in force since 1 July 2024; no general AI statute.
- [AI regulation in Texas (United States)](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/us-texas): TRAIGA in force from 1 January 2026; enforcement by the Attorney General.
- [AI regulation in Thailand](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/thailand): Instruments on record: Thailand National AI Strategy and Action Plan (2022, strategy, adopted); (Draft) Principles of the Law on Artificial Intelligence (2025, consultation, under consultation). Each...
- [AI regulation in Tunisia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/tunisia): National AI strategy (2025) as policy; data-protection law applies; no AI-specific law.
- [AI regulation in Türkiye](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/turkiye): National AI strategy 2021–2025 as policy; draft AI law pending in parliament; KVKK AI guidance.
- [AI regulation in Uganda](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/uganda): National AI strategy in development; data-protection law applies; no AI-specific law.
- [AI regulation in Ukraine](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/ukraine): AI concept (2020) and regulation roadmap (2023) as policy; AI law in preparation; Council of Europe convention signed.
- [AI regulation in United Arab Emirates](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/uae): No binding federal AI law; national AI strategy and ethics guidance in place; binding personal-data rules at federal level and in the DIFC and ADGM free zones. A reviewer must confirm the current stat...
- [AI regulation in United Kingdom](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/uk): Principles-based, regulator-led framework; no AI-specific Act in force. The government has signalled a future bill targeting the most powerful AI models, but as of the last check no such bill had been...
- [AI regulation in United States](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/us): Federal: executive-branch policy (Executive Order 14179 of January 2025 and the July 2025 AI Action Plan) plus binding OMB requirements for federal agencies' use and procurement of AI; NIST AI RMF is...
- [AI regulation in Uruguay](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/uruguay): Instruments on record: Estrategia Nacional de Inteligencia Artificial del Uruguay 2024-2030 (2024, strategy, adopted). Each is linked to its official source; human verification pending.
- [AI regulation in Utah (United States)](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/us-utah): AI Policy Act in force since May 2024 (amended 2025); mental-health chatbot law (2025); Office of AI Policy operating.
- [AI regulation in Uzbekistan](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/uzbekistan): AI development strategy to 2030 (2024) as policy; no AI-specific law.
- [AI regulation in Vietnam](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/vietnam): Instruments on record: National Strategy on Research, Development and Application of Artificial Intelligence to 2030 (2021, strategy, adopted); Law on Artificial Intelligence (2025, act, in force). Ea...
- [AI regulation in Zambia](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/zambia): National AI strategy (2024) as policy; data-protection law applies; no AI-specific law.
- [AI regulation in Zimbabwe](https://aipolicytracker.org/jurisdictions/zimbabwe): National AI policy (2025) as policy; data-protection law applies; no AI-specific law.

## Key policy instruments

- [UK AI regulation framework](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/uk-ai-regulation-white-paper) (United Kingdom, Guidance): The UK white paper sets out a principles-based, context-specific approach to regulating AI. Instead of a single AI law, it asks existing regulators to interpret and apply five cross-cutting principles... Official source: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/ai-regulation-a-pro-innovation-approach
- [PCPD Model Personal Data Protection Framework for AI (2024)](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/hong-kong-pcpd-model-personal-data-protection-framework-for-ai) (Hong Kong SAR, Guidance): Published 11 June 2024, the framework gives organisations that procure, implement and use AI systems involving personal data recommendations in four areas: AI strategy and governance (an AI governance... Official source: https://www.pcpd.org.hk/english/resources_centre/publications/files/ai_protection_framework.pdf
- [ASEAN Guide on AI Governance and Ethics (2024)](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/asean-guide-on-ai-governance-and-ethics) (ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations), Guidance): Endorsed at the 4th ASEAN Digital Ministers' Meeting in February 2024, the guide sets seven guiding principles (transparency and explainability, fairness and equity, security and safety, human-centric... Official source: https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/ASEAN-Guide-on-AI-Governance-and-Ethics_beautified_201223_v2.pdf
- [Colorado AI Act](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/us-colorado-ai-act) (Colorado (United States), Adopted): The Colorado AI Act requires developers and deployers of high-risk AI systems to use reasonable care to protect consumers from known or reasonably foreseeable risks of algorithmic discrimination. High... Official source: https://leg.colorado.gov/bills/sb24-205
- [Framework Convention on AI (CETS 225)](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/council-of-europe-framework-convention-on-ai) (Council of Europe, Adopted): The first international treaty on AI. Parties must adopt or maintain measures so that activities within the lifecycle of AI systems are consistent with human rights, democracy and the rule of law, cov... Official source: https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list?module=treaty-detail&treatynum=225
- [India DPDP Act](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/india-dpdp-act) (India, Partially applicable): The DPDP Act is India's cross-sector personal-data law. It applies to digital personal data processed in India and to processing outside India connected with offering goods or services to people in In... Official source: https://www.meity.gov.in/data-protection-framework
- [India AI Governance Guidelines](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/india-ai-governance-guidelines) (India, Guidance): The India AI Governance Guidelines set out a principle-based, pro-innovation approach to governing AI in India. They articulate guiding principles (such as trust, people-first design, fairness, accoun... Official source: https://indiaai.gov.in/
- [AI regulation and ethics policy (2023)](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/israel-ai-regulation-and-ethics-policy-2023) (Israel, Adopted): Adopted in December 2023 after public consultation, the policy sets Israel's approach: sector-specific regulation by existing regulators, a risk-based approach, preference for soft tools (standards, s... Official source: https://www.gov.il/en/pages/ai_2023
- [Law on Artificial Intelligence (2025)](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/kazakhstan-law-on-artificial-intelligence-2025) (Kazakhstan, Adopted): The law defines AI systems and their classification by level of autonomy and risk, sets principles (legality, fairness, transparency, safety, human control), assigns duties to owners and operators of... Official source: https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/mdai
- [Law No. 132/2025 on artificial intelligence](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/italy-law-132-2025-ai) (Italy, In force): Italy's framework AI law, published in the Official Gazette on 25 September 2025 and in force from 10 October 2025. It states principles (human-centric, transparent, safe AI; protection of fundamental... Official source: https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2025/09/25/25G00146/sg
- [Singapore Model AI Governance Framework](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/singapore-model-ai-governance-framework) (Singapore, Voluntary standard): Singapore's Model AI Governance Framework is a voluntary, sector-agnostic guide for organisations deploying AI. The second edition (January 2020) covers four areas: internal governance structures and... Official source: https://www.pdpc.gov.sg/help-and-resources/2020/01/model-ai-governance-framework
- [Nepal National AI Policy](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/nepal-national-ai-policy) (Nepal, Adopted): Nepal's National AI Policy sets the government's direction for developing and using artificial intelligence. Based on the published summaries, it aims to build AI infrastructure and skills, promote et... Official source: https://mocit.gov.np/
- [NYC Local Law 144 (automated employment decision tools)](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/us-new-york-city-local-law-144-automated-employment-decision-tools) (New York (United States), In force): Employers and employment agencies may not use an automated employment decision tool to screen candidates or employees for hiring or promotion in New York City unless the tool has had an independent bi... Official source: https://www.nyc.gov/site/dca/about/automated-employment-decision-tools.page
- [NIST AI RMF](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/us-nist-ai-rmf) (United States, Voluntary standard): The NIST AI Risk Management Framework is a voluntary framework for managing risks to individuals, organisations and society from AI. It organises practices into four functions: Govern, Map, Measure an... Official source: https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/ai/NIST.AI.100-1.pdf
- [OECD AI Principles (Recommendation on AI)](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/oecd-recommendation-on-artificial-intelligence) (International organisations (OECD, UNESCO, UN, G7, ISO), Adopted): The first intergovernmental standard on AI. It sets five values-based principles (inclusive growth and well-being; human rights and democratic values including fairness and privacy; transparency and e... Official source: https://legalinstruments.oecd.org/en/instruments/OECD-LEGAL-0449
- [EU AI Act](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/eu-ai-act) (European Union, Partially applicable): The EU AI Act is a binding regulation that sets rules for developing, placing on the market and using AI systems in the European Union. It bans a small set of practices considered unacceptable, impose... Official source: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1689/oj
- [Texas Responsible AI Governance Act (TRAIGA)](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/us-texas-responsible-ai-governance-act-traiga) (Texas (United States), In force): Signed on 22 June 2025 and effective 1 January 2026, TRAIGA bans developing or deploying AI systems intended to manipulate people into self-harm or crime, government social scoring, biometric identifi... Official source: https://capitol.texas.gov/BillLookup/History.aspx?LegSess=89R&Bill=HB149
- [UAE AI Strategy 2031](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/uae-national-ai-strategy-2031) (United Arab Emirates, Adopted): The UAE National Strategy for AI 2031 aims to position the UAE as a global leader in AI by 2031. It sets objectives across priority sectors, AI talent and research, data and infrastructure, government... Official source: https://ai.gov.ae/
- [UNESCO Recommendation on the Ethics of AI](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/unesco-recommendation-on-the-ethics-of-ai) (International organisations (OECD, UNESCO, UN, G7, ISO), Adopted): The first global normative instrument on AI ethics. It sets values (human rights and dignity, environment and ecosystem flourishing, diversity and inclusiveness, peaceful and just societies) and princ... Official source: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000381137
- [Australian Voluntary AI Safety Standard](https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/australia-voluntary-ai-safety-standard) (Australia, Voluntary standard): The Voluntary AI Safety Standard gives Australian organisations ten guardrails for developing and deploying AI safely and responsibly: accountability and governance, risk management, data governance a... Official source: https://www.industry.gov.au/publications/voluntary-ai-safety-standard

## Editorial landing pages

- [EU AI Act: what it is, who it covers and what to do](https://aipolicytracker.org/eu-ai-act)
- [AI regulation in India](https://aipolicytracker.org/ai-regulation-india)
- [AI policy in Nepal](https://aipolicytracker.org/ai-policy-nepal)
- [AI governance in Singapore](https://aipolicytracker.org/ai-governance-singapore)
- [AI regulation in Australia](https://aipolicytracker.org/ai-regulation-australia)
- [AI regulation in the UK](https://aipolicytracker.org/ai-regulation-uk)
- [AI regulation in the United States](https://aipolicytracker.org/ai-regulation-usa)
- [AI governance in the UAE](https://aipolicytracker.org/ai-governance-uae)
- [AI regulation in South Asia](https://aipolicytracker.org/ai-regulation-south-asia)

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