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AI governance in Singapore

Singapore governs AI through voluntary frameworks, testing tools and sector guidance rather than an AI statute. The Model AI Governance Framework (2020) and its 2024 generative-AI companion describe expected practices; AI Verify offers a testing framework and toolkit; the PDPC's 2024 advisory guidelines explain how the Personal Data Protection Act applies to AI recommendation and decision systems. Binding duties come from the PDPA and sector regulation.

Source-linked
Voluntary standard Framework

Model AI Governance Framework (Second Edition) and Model AI Governance Framework for Generative AI

Singapore's Model AI Governance Framework is a voluntary, sector-agnostic guide for organisations deploying AI. The second edition (January 2020) covers four areas: internal governance structures and measures, determining the level of human involvement in AI-augmented decision-making, operations management (data, model development, monitoring), and stakeholder interaction and communication. The May 2024 Model AI Governance Framework for Generative AI extends it with nine dimensions including accountability, data, trusted development and deployment, incident reporting, testing and assurance, security, content provenance, safety and alignment research, and AI for the public good.

Full record: obligations, sources and change history

Why the frameworks matter even though they are voluntary

Regulators, government buyers and enterprise customers in Singapore reference the Model Framework and AI Verify as the expected baseline, and the PDPC uses the frameworks to interpret binding PDPA obligations. Aligning with them is the practical route to demonstrating responsible AI in the market.

What is binding

The PDPA governs personal data in AI, including the consent obligation and its business-improvement and research exceptions, and the notification obligation. Financial institutions follow MAS requirements; online platforms follow the online-safety framework.

Recorded policy instruments

Singapore Framework Voluntary standard

Singapore Model AI Governance Framework

Model AI Governance Framework (Second Edition) and Model AI Governance Framework for Generative AI

Singapore's Model AI Governance Framework is a voluntary, sector-agnostic guide for organisations deploying AI. The second edition (January 2020) covers four areas: internal governance structures and measures, determining the level of human involvement in AI-augmented decision-making, operations management (data, model development, monitoring), and stakeholder interaction and communication. The May 2024 Model AI Governance Framework for Generative AI extends it with nine dimensions including accountability, data, trusted development and deployment, incident reporting, testing and assurance, security, content provenance, safety and alignment research, and AI for the public good.

Adopted 21 Jan 2020 Source-linked Official source
Singapore National strategy Adopted

National Artificial Intelligence Strategy 2.0

National Artificial Intelligence Strategy 2.0 (NAIS 2.0)

Singapore's second national AI strategy, launched under the banner of AI for the public good. It sets goals of excellence and empowerment and organises work across three systems, ten enablers and fifteen actions covering talent, compute, data, industry adoption, research and governance. A 2026 update set ten refreshed priorities and launched sector AI Missions under the new National AI Council.

Adopted 4 Dec 2023 Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026 Official source
Singapore Guidance Guidance

PDPC AI advisory guidelines

PDPC Advisory Guidelines on Use of Personal Data in AI Recommendation and Decision Systems

These advisory guidelines explain how the Personal Data Protection Act applies when organisations use personal data to develop, test and deploy AI systems that make recommendations, predictions or decisions. They clarify the consent obligation and relevant exceptions (business improvement and research), what to include in notifications to individuals, accountability practices such as documenting data provenance and model development, and expectations for service providers building bespoke AI systems.

Adopted 1 Mar 2024 Source-linked Official source

Key obligations

Latest changes

Frequently asked questions

Does Singapore have an AI Act?
No. Singapore uses voluntary frameworks and existing law, with the PDPA as the main binding constraint for AI using personal data.

Informational only, not legal advice. Verify every claim against the linked official sources and consult qualified counsel before acting.