Singapore Model AI Governance Framework: requirements, deadlines and compliance actions
Model AI Governance Framework (Second Edition) and Model AI Governance Framework for Generative AI
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On this page 10 sections
In brief
The Singapore Model AI Governance Framework is a non-binding framework of Singapore, issued by the Infocomm Media Development Authority and Personal Data Protection Commission; AI Verify Foundation (generative AI edition). Its current status is voluntary standard. Voluntary; applicable to any organisation developing or deploying AI in Singapore or wishing to align with Singapore's expectations. Penalties: None; voluntary.
- Jurisdiction
- Singapore
- Instrument type
- Framework
- Status
- Voluntary standard
- Legal force
- Non-binding (guidance, strategy or standard)
- Issuing body
- Infocomm Media Development Authority and Personal Data Protection Commission; AI Verify Foundation (generative AI edition)
- Adopted
- 21 January 2020
- Published
- 21 January 2020
- Obligations recorded
- 4
- Official source
- Model AI Governance Framework (Second Edition)
- Verification
- Verified against the official source 26 Sep 2026
What is the Singapore Model AI Governance Framework?
Singapore's Model AI Governance Framework is a voluntary, sector-agnostic guide for organisations deploying AI. The second edition (January 2020) covers four areas: internal governance structures and measures, determining the level of human involvement in AI-augmented decision-making, operations management (data, model development, monitoring), and stakeholder interaction and communication. The May 2024 Model AI Governance Framework for Generative AI extends it with nine dimensions including accountability, data, trusted development and deployment, incident reporting, testing and assurance, security, content provenance, safety and alignment research, and AI for the public good.
Who does it apply to?
Voluntary; applicable to any organisation developing or deploying AI in Singapore or wishing to align with Singapore's expectations. It is referenced by the PDPC and IMDA and underpins the AI Verify testing framework.
Organisations deploying AI (any sector), and developers of generative AI models and applications.
When do the requirements apply?
First edition January 2019; second edition 21 January 2020; Generative AI framework 30 May 2024.
What must organisations do?
Nothing mandatory. Adopters set up governance structures, choose a human-in/over/out-of-the-loop model based on risk, manage data quality and model lifecycle, and communicate with users, with additional generative-AI measures.
Each duty is one line: open it for the summary, practical action and evidence, or go to its own page.
Voluntary Establish internal governance structures and measures for AI Provider / developer, Deployer / user organisation
Organisations should adapt existing governance to AI: clear roles and responsibilities, board and senior management oversight, risk-management and internal controls, and staff training.
Practical action: Assign an AI governance owner and add AI risks to the enterprise risk register.
Evidence examples: AI governance structure document
Framework mapping (original, editorial): ISO/IEC 42001:2023 Clause 5 Leadership; NIST AI RMF 1.0 GOVERN 2.x
Open the obligation page →Second edition, Part on internal governance structures and measures Source-linked (a factual check against the official source, not a legal review)
Voluntary Determine the appropriate level of human involvement in AI decisions Deployer / user organisation
Using a risk-impact matrix (probability and severity of harm), organisations choose human-in-the-loop, human-over-the-loop or human-out-of-the-loop designs and document the rationale.
Practical action: Record the human-involvement choice and rationale for each AI decision point.
Evidence examples: Risk-impact assessment and human-involvement decision
Framework mapping (original, editorial): NIST AI RMF 1.0 GOVERN 3.2, MANAGE 2.x
Open the obligation page →Second edition, Part on human involvement in AI-augmented decision-making Source-linked (a factual check against the official source, not a legal review)
Voluntary Manage data quality, model development and monitoring across the lifecycle Provider / developer, Deployer / user organisation
Covers data lineage and quality, minimising bias in datasets, model explainability, repeatability, robustness, regular tuning and active monitoring after deployment.
Practical action: Maintain data lineage records and a model monitoring plan.
Evidence examples: Data lineage and model monitoring records
Framework mapping (original, editorial): ISO/IEC 42001:2023 Clause 8 Operation; Annex A data controls
Open the obligation page →Second edition, Part on operations management Source-linked (a factual check against the official source, not a legal review)
Voluntary Report incidents and mark AI-generated content (generative AI framework) Provider / developer, Deployer / user organisation +1
The generative-AI framework recommends incident-reporting channels and processes for AI harms, and content provenance measures such as digital watermarking and cryptographic provenance so that users can identify AI-generated content.
Practical action: Implement provenance markers for generated media and an AI incident reporting channel.
Evidence examples: Content provenance implementation record
Framework mapping (original, editorial): NIST AI RMF 1.0 NIST AI 600-1 content provenance and incident disclosure
Open the obligation page →Generative AI framework, dimensions on incident reporting and content provenance Source-linked (a factual check against the official source, not a legal review)
What are the penalties?
None; voluntary.
Official sources
-
Model Artificial Intelligence Governance Framework (Second Edition)
PDPC and IMDA · 21 Jan 2020 · Tier 1 source
-
Model AI Governance Framework for Generative AI
AI Verify Foundation and IMDA · 30 May 2024 · Tier 1 source
-
AI Verify Foundation
AI Verify Foundation · Tier 1 source
Cite this record
AIPolicyTracker (2026). “Singapore Model AI Governance Framework” [AIPT-POL-0169, record version 1, verified 26 September 2026 by Bhaskar Bhatt]. https://aipolicytracker.org/id/AIPT-POL-0169 (accessed 27 October 2026). Data licensed CC BY 4.0.
Permanent id AIPT-POL-0169: it never changes or gets reused, and its address keeps working if this page moves.
Cite the official text alongside it: Model AI Governance Framework (Second Edition), Personal Data Protection Commission Singapore and IMDA, https://www.pdpc.gov.sg/help-and-resources/2020/01/model-ai-governance-framework.
BibTeX
@misc{aipolicytracker2026_singaporemodelaigovernan,
author = {{AIPolicyTracker}},
title = {{Singapore Model AI Governance Framework}},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {\url{https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/singapore-model-ai-governance-framework}},
url = {https://aipolicytracker.org/policies/singapore-model-ai-governance-framework},
urldate = {2026-10-27},
note = {Data licensed CC BY 4.0. Accessed 27 October 2026}
}
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<a href="https://aipolicytracker.org/id/AIPT-POL-0169"><img src="https://aipolicytracker.org/badges/singapore-model-ai-governance-framework.svg" alt="AIPolicyTracker: Model AI Governance Framework (Second Edition) and Model AI Governance Framework for Generative AI, Voluntary standard · verified 26 Sep 2026" height="20"></a>Change history
- — Singapore publishes the Model AI Governance Framework for Generative AI
- — Model AI Governance Framework for Generative AI (source)
- — Second edition (source)
- — First edition (source)
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Record history
No change to this record's tracked fields has been recorded since 15 October 2026, when field-level history began.
Record version 1: Initial structured record. Every earlier wording is in the GitHub repository.
Frequently asked questions
Is Singapore's Model AI Governance Framework mandatory?
No. It is voluntary guidance from IMDA and the PDPC, but it reflects regulator expectations and underpins the AI Verify testing framework.
Is the Singapore Model AI Governance Framework in force?
The Singapore Model AI Governance Framework has the status "voluntary standard"; it is not a binding law in force.
Is the Singapore Model AI Governance Framework legally binding?
No. The Singapore Model AI Governance Framework is a framework; it sets expectations rather than legal requirements, unless another instrument gives it force.
Who does the Singapore Model AI Governance Framework apply to?
Voluntary; applicable to any organisation developing or deploying AI in Singapore or wishing to align with Singapore's expectations. It is referenced by the PDPC and IMDA and underpins the AI Verify testing framework.
When does the Singapore Model AI Governance Framework apply?
First edition January 2019; second edition 21 January 2020; Generative AI framework 30 May 2024.
What must organisations do under the Singapore Model AI Governance Framework?
Nothing mandatory. Adopters set up governance structures, choose a human-in/over/out-of-the-loop model based on risk, manage data quality and model lifecycle, and communicate with users, with additional generative-AI measures.
What are the penalties under the Singapore Model AI Governance Framework?
None; voluntary.
Where is the official text of the Singapore Model AI Governance Framework?
The official text is published by Personal Data Protection Commission Singapore and IMDA at https://www.pdpc.gov.sg/help-and-resources/2020/01/model-ai-governance-framework (Model AI Governance Framework (Second Edition)). This record links to it and is checked against it.
Disclaimer: informational only, not legal advice. Verify every claim against the linked official sources and consult a qualified lawyer before acting.