MIT AI Risk Repository · domain 4: Malicious actors

4.2 Cyberattacks, weapon development or use, and mass harm

Using AI systems to develop cyber weapons (e.g., coding cheaper, more effective malware), develop new or enhance existing weapons (e.g., Lethal Autonomous Weapons or CBRNE), or use weapons to cause mass harm.

Risk entries
82
Frameworks citing it
12
Recorded incidents
15
Incidents since 2020
14
Causal entity (risk entries)
Causal entity (risk entries) 61 0 Human: 61 Human 61 AI: 11 AI 11 Other: 8 Other 8 Not coded: 2 Not coded 2
Causal entity (risk entries)
LabelValue
Human61
AI11
Other8
Not coded2
Intent (risk entries)
Intent (risk entries) 68 0 Intentional: 68 Intentional 68 Other: 10 Other 10 Unintentional: 2 Unintentional 2 Not coded: 2 Not coded 2
Intent (risk entries)
LabelValue
Intentional68
Other10
Unintentional2
Not coded2
Timing (risk entries)
Timing (risk entries) 71 0 Post-deployment: 71 Post-deployment 71 Other: 7 Other 7 Pre-deployment: 2 Pre-deployment 2 Not coded: 2 Not coded 2
Timing (risk entries)
LabelValue
Post-deployment71
Other7
Pre-deployment2
Not coded2
Recorded incidents per yearIncident date; current year partial
Recorded incidents per year 9 0 2017: 1 2017 1 2020: 1 2020 1 2022: 1 2022 1 2023: 1 2023 1 2024: 2 2024 2 2025: 9 2025 9
Recorded incidents per year
LabelValue
20171
20201
20221
20231
20242
20259
Entries by levelRisk categories, subcategories and additional evidence coded to this subdomain
Entries by level 66 0 Risk Category: 16 Risk Category 16 Risk Sub-Category: 66 Risk Sub-Category 66
Entries by level
LabelValue
Risk Category16
Risk Sub-Category66