MIT AI Risk Repository · Risk Sub-Category · 73.03.01
Misinformation and Manipulation
Category: Dual-Use Capabilities Enable Malicious Use and Misuse of LLMs
Description
"Recent studies have demonstrated that LLMs can be exploited to craft deceptive narratives with levels of persuasiveness similar to human-generated content (Pan et al., 2023b; Spitale et al., 2023), to fabri- cate fake news (Zellers et al., 2019; Zhou et al., 2023f), and to devise automated influence operations aimed at manipulating the perspectives of targeted audiences (Goldstein et al., 2023). LLMs have also been found to be used in malicious social botnets (Yang and Menczer, 2023), powering automated accounts used to disseminate coordinated messages. More broadly, the use of LLMs for the d
From Foundational Challenges in Assuring Alignment and Safety of Large Language Models (Anwar2024), as extracted by the MIT AI Risk Repository (CC BY 4.0).
Classification
- Domain
- 4. Malicious actors
- Causal entity
- Human
- Intent
- Intentional
- Timing
- Post-deployment
Subdomain definition: Using AI systems to gain a personal advantage over others such as through cheating, fraud, scams, blackmail or targeted manipulation of beliefs or behavior. Examples include AI-facilitated plagiarism for research or education, impersonating a trusted or fake individual for illegitimate financial benefit, or creating humiliating or sexual imagery.
Real-world incidents in this subdomain
- Italian Mediaset Journalist Safiria Leccese's Image Was Reportedly Used in a Purportedly AI-Generated Fake Loan Scam
- Scammers Reportedly Used AI-Cloned Daughter's Voice to Defraud Bay Area Mother in Fake Kidnapping Call
- Texas Man Arturo Hernandez Allegedly Published AI-Generated Deepfake Pornography Depicting Women in TAKE IT DOWN Act Case
- Guelph, Ontario, Woman Reportedly Lost $14,000 in Purported Deepfake MrBeast Cryptocurrency Scam
- Purportedly AI-Recreated Clips from Beastie Boys' 'Sabotage' Video Reportedly Appeared in FBI Promotional Video Posted by Kash Patel
- Ahmedabad Aadhaar Fraud Racket Reportedly Used Purportedly AI-Generated Deepfakes to Change Businessman's Linked Mobile Number
How other frameworks describe this risk
Other entries from Anwar2024
- Agentic LLMs Pose Novel Risks
- Natural Language Underspecifies Goals
- Goal-Directedness Incentivizes Undesirable Behaviors
- Safety Risks from Affordances Provided to LLM-agents
- Multi-Agent Safety Is Not Assured by Single-Agent Safety
- Foundationality May Cause Correlated Failures
- Groups of LLM-Agents May Show Emergent Functionality
- Collusion between LLM-Agents
- Dual-Use Capabilities Enable Malicious Use and Misuse of LLMs
- Cybersecurity
- Cybersecurity
- Cybersecurity