European Union
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Regulation
Partially applicable
Binding
Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 — Artificial Intelligence Act
The EU AI Act is a binding regulation that sets rules for developing, placing on the market and using AI systems in the European Union. It bans a small set of practices considered unacceptable, imposes detailed requirements on "high-risk" AI systems used in areas such as employment, education, credit, essential services, law enforcement and safety-critical products, requires transparency for chatbots and synthetic content, and creates separate duties for providers of general-purpose AI models. Obligations apply in phases between 2025 and 2027.
Applies from 2 Aug 2026
Source-linked
Official source
Dominican Republic
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National strategy
Adopted
Estrategia Nacional de Inteligencia Artificial de la República Dominicana (ENIA)
Adopted in 2023, ENIA sets objectives on ethical and responsible AI, talent development, AI in public services and priority sectors (health, education, tourism, security), data infrastructure and research, with a governance committee and action plan.
Adopted 1 Oct 2023
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
Denmark
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National strategy
Adopted
National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence
Published in March 2019, the strategy sets a responsible foundation for AI (ethical principles, data ethics council, legal clarity), more and better data, strong competences and new knowledge, and increased investment, with priority sectors of health, energy and utilities, agriculture and transport, and a set of public-sector pilot projects.
Adopted 14 Mar 2019
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
El Salvador
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Act / statute
In force
Binding
Ley para el Fomento de la Inteligencia Artificial y Tecnologías Emergentes (Decreto Legislativo, febrero de 2025)
Approved by the Legislative Assembly in February 2025, the law promotes AI development and investment, creates the National Agency for Artificial Intelligence (ANIA) as regulator, defines rights and principles (human oversight, transparency, non-discrimination, data protection), sets registration and sandbox mechanisms and limits liability of developers who act in good faith under the law, alongside data-processing rules for AI training.
Adopted 25 Feb 2025
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
Czechia
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National strategy
Adopted
Národní strategie umělé inteligence České republiky 2030
Approved by the government in July 2024, the strategy to 2030 replaces the 2019 strategy and sets priorities on research and innovation, skills, infrastructure and data, industry and public-sector adoption, trustworthy AI and AI Act implementation, with measurable goals and a governance structure.
Adopted 24 Jul 2024
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
Ethiopia
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Policy
Adopted
National Artificial Intelligence Policy of Ethiopia
Approved by the Council of Ministers in 2024, the policy sets objectives for AI research and talent, adoption in agriculture, health, education, security and public services, data governance and infrastructure, and ethical, responsible use, with the Ethiopian AI Institute as implementing body.
Adopted 1 Jun 2024
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
Estonia
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National strategy
Adopted
Eesti tehisintellekti tegevuskava 2024–2026 (Estonia's national AI action plan)
The third Estonian AI action plan continues the "kratt" programme: adoption of AI in public services and the Bürokratt virtual-assistant ecosystem, support for private-sector use, skills and research, data availability, and preparation for the EU AI Act, including public-sector guidelines on generative AI.
Adopted 1 Jan 2024
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
Cyprus
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National strategy
Adopted
National Artificial Intelligence Strategy of the Republic of Cyprus
Approved in January 2020 and updated by an action plan in 2024, the strategy covers research, skills, data and infrastructure, public-sector and business adoption, and ethical, trustworthy AI aligned with the EU framework.
Adopted 15 Jan 2020
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
Ontario (Canada)
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Act / statute
Adopted
Binding
Strengthening Cyber Security and Building Trust in the Public Sector Act, 2024 (Bill 194), Schedule 1: Enhancing Digital Security and Trust Act, 2024
The Act allows the Ontario government to make regulations governing the use of AI systems by public-sector entities (ministries, agencies, hospitals, school boards, municipalities as prescribed): requirements to disclose AI use, to develop and implement accountability frameworks, to take steps to manage risks, to have human oversight, and prohibitions on prescribed uses. It also addresses cyber security and children's digital information.
Adopted 25 Nov 2024
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
Costa Rica
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National strategy
Adopted
Estrategia Nacional de Inteligencia Artificial de Costa Rica 2024–2027
Launched in October 2024, the strategy sets pillars on governance and ethics, talent and skills, research and innovation, infrastructure and data, and adoption in the public sector and productive sectors, with an action plan to 2027 informed by UNESCO's Readiness Assessment Methodology.
Adopted 1 Oct 2024
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
Cambodia
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National strategy
Proposed
Cambodia National Artificial Intelligence Strategy
A national AI strategy and ethics framework under preparation with UNESCO support, expected to cover governance, talent, public-sector use and the digital economy.
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
Council of Europe
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Framework
Guidance
Methodology for the Risk and Impact Assessment of Artificial Intelligence Systems from the Point of View of Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law (HUDERIA)
Adopted by the CAI in November 2024, HUDERIA is a structured methodology for assessing risks and impacts of AI systems on human rights, democracy and the rule of law across the lifecycle: context-based risk analysis, stakeholder engagement, risk and impact assessment, and mitigation planning with iterative review. It supports implementation of the Framework Convention and can be used by public and private organisations.
Adopted 28 Nov 2024
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
Quebec (Canada)
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Act / statute
In force
Binding
Quebec Law 25 (S.Q. 2021, c. 25): provisions on decisions based exclusively on automated processing and biometric systems
Section 12.1 of the private-sector privacy act (as amended by Law 25, in force 22 September 2023) requires any enterprise that uses personal information to render a decision based exclusively on automated processing to inform the person no later than when the decision is made, and, on request, to tell them what personal information was used, the reasons and principal factors and parameters, and their right to have the information corrected, and to give them an opportunity to submit observations to a person who can review the decision. Biometric identification databases must be declared to the Commission d'accès à l'information 60 days before use, and privacy impact assessments are mandatory for projects involving personal information. Penalties reach CAD 25 million or 4% of worldwide turnover.
Applies from 22 Sep 2023
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
Côte d'Ivoire
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National strategy
Adopted
Stratégie nationale de l'intelligence artificielle de la Côte d'Ivoire
The strategy sets priorities on AI talent and research, adoption in public services, agriculture, health and education, data governance and infrastructure, and ethical use.
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
Council of Europe
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Act / statute
Adopted
Binding
Council of Europe Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law (CETS No. 225)
The first international treaty on AI. Parties must adopt or maintain measures so that activities within the lifecycle of AI systems are consistent with human rights, democracy and the rule of law, covering public authorities and actors on their behalf and, by choice of approach, private actors. It sets principles (human dignity and autonomy, transparency and oversight, accountability, equality and non-discrimination, privacy, reliability, safe innovation), requires remedies, procedural safeguards and risk and impact assessment, allows moratoria or bans for incompatible uses, and creates a Conference of the Parties for follow-up. National-security activities and defence are excluded.
Adopted 17 May 2024
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
Azerbaijan
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National strategy
Adopted
Artificial Intelligence Strategy of the Republic of Azerbaijan for 2025–2028 (presidential decree, March 2025)
Approved by presidential decree in March 2025, the strategy sets goals for AI in public administration, the economy and education, data and computing infrastructure, talent, ethical and safe AI, and a coordinating institutional structure, with an action plan to 2028.
Adopted 19 Mar 2025
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
Belgium
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National strategy
Adopted
Plan national de convergence pour le développement de l'intelligence artificielle
Adopted in 2022, the convergence plan coordinates the federal and regional AI initiatives around nine objectives, including trustworthy AI, skills, data, research, public-sector adoption and international positioning, with AI4Belgium as the delivery coalition.
Adopted 1 Oct 2022
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
Bulgaria
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National strategy
Adopted
Концепция за развитието на изкуствения интелект в България до 2030 г.
Adopted in December 2020, the concept sets a framework for AI in Bulgaria to 2030 in line with the EU coordinated plan: research and infrastructure, skills, data, adoption in business and public administration, and trustworthy, ethical AI.
Adopted 16 Dec 2020
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
Austria
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National strategy
Adopted
Strategie der Bundesregierung für Künstliche Intelligenz – Artificial Intelligence Mission Austria 2030 (AIM AT 2030)
Adopted in August 2021, AIM AT 2030 sets three objectives: broad use of AI oriented to the common good and fundamental rights, Austria as a research and innovation location, and competitiveness of the Austrian technology and business location. It lists fields of action including trustworthy AI, public administration, skills, data and infrastructure, with an implementation and monitoring structure.
Adopted 25 Aug 2021
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
Benin
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National strategy
Adopted
Stratégie nationale d'intelligence artificielle et des mégadonnées 2023–2027
Adopted by the Council of Ministers in January 2023, the strategy sets objectives for AI and big-data skills, research, data infrastructure and governance, ethical AI and priority use cases in health, education, agriculture, tourism and living environment, with a 2027 horizon.
Adopted 25 Jan 2023
Source-linked · checked 11 Sep 2026
Official source
