MIT AI Risk Repository

Browse AI risks

21 risk entries extracted from 74 frameworks, coded by domain, subdomain, causal entity, intent and timing. Filter, then export the current selection with its licence and citation attached.

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21 entries

  1. As a side effect of a primary goal like profit or influence, AI creators can willfully allow it to cause widespread societal harms like pollution, resource depletion, mental illness, misinformation, or injustice.

    From TASRA: a Taxonomy and Analysis of Societal-Scale Risks from AI (Critch2023)

  2. "The risks associated with the race to develop the first AGI, including the development of poor quality and unsafe AGI, and heightened political and control issues."

    From The risks associated with Artificial General Intelligence: A systematic review (McLean2023)

  3. 14.08.00 · Risk Category

    Technological Maturity

    "The technological maturity level describes how mature and error-free a certain technology is in a certain application context. If new technologies with a lower level of maturity are used in the development of the AI system, they may contain risks that are still unknown or difficult to assess.Mature technologies, on the other hand, usually have a greater variety of empirical data available, which means that risks can be identified and assessed more easily. However, with mature technologies, there is a risk that risk awareness decreases over time"

    From Sources of Risk of AI Systems (Steimers2022)

  4. 19.05.07 · Risk Sub-Category

    Ethical AI Risks

    Technological arms race with autonomous weapons

  5. "The immense potential of AIs has created competitive pressures among global players contending for power and influence. This “AI race” is driven by nations and corporations who feel they must rapidly build and deploy AIs to secure their positions and survive."

    From An Overview of Catastrophic AI Risks (Hendrycks2023)

  6. 22.02.01 · Risk Sub-Category

    AI Race (Environmental/Structural)

    Military AI Arms Race

    "The development of AIs for military applications is swiftly paving the way for a new era in military technology, with potential consequences rivaling those of gunpowder and nuclear arms in what has been described as the “third revolution in warfare.”

    From An Overview of Catastrophic AI Risks (Hendrycks2023)

  7. 22.02.02 · Risk Sub-Category

    AI Race (Environmental/Structural)

    Corporate AI Race

    "Although competition between companies can be beneficial, creating more useful products for consumers, there are also pitfalls. First, the benefits of economic activity may be unevenly distributed, incentivizing those who benefit most from it to disregard the harms to others. Second, under intense market competition, businesses tend to focus much more on short-term gains than on long-term outcomes. With this mindset, companies often pursue something that can make a lot of profit in the short term, even if it poses a societal risk in the long term."

    From An Overview of Catastrophic AI Risks (Hendrycks2023)

  8. 45.01.13 · Risk Sub-Category

    AI's inherent safety risks

    Risks from AI systems (Risks of supply chain security)

    "The AI industry relies on a highly globalized supply chain. However, certain countries may use unilateral coercive measures, such as technology barriers and export restrictions, to create development obstacles and maliciously disrupt the global AI supply chain. This can lead to significant risks of supply disruptions for chips, software, and tools."

    From AI Safety Governance Framework (TC2602024)

  9. 47.01.06 · Risk Sub-Category

    Technical and operational risks

    Opacity (industry opacity)

    "Opacity is not solely due to the technological complexity that limits developers’ and users’ understanding of how generative models function on a technical level. It is further exacerbated by the practices of organizations and companies that are advancing the field. Many are private companies that choose to withhold from the public many of the precise characteristics of their most advanced models."

    From Regulating under Uncertainty: Governance Options for Generative AI (G'sell2024)

  10. 50.03.06 · Risk Sub-Category

    Societal Risks

    Economic harm (Unfair Market Practices)

  11. 53.04.01 · Risk Sub-Category

    Indirect AI contributions to existential risks

    Destabilising political impacts from AI systems

    "(e.g., polarization, legitimacy of elections), international political economy, or international security196 in terms of the balance of power, technology races and international stability, and the speed and character of war"

    From Advancing AI Governance: A Literature Review of Problems, Options, and Proposals (Maas2023)

  12. 55.02.00 · Risk Category

    Worsened conflict

    "Cooperation and conflict: we’re seeing more focus and investment on the kinds of AI capabilities that make conflict more likely and severe, rather than those likely to improve cooperation. So, on our current trajectory, AI seems more likely to have negative long-term impacts in this area."

    From A Survey of the Potential Long-term Impacts of AI: How AI Could Lead to Long-term Changes in Science, Cooperation, Power, Epistemics and Values (Clarke2023)

  13. 55.02.04 · Risk Sub-Category

    Worsened conflict

    Resource conflicts driven by AI development

    "AI development may itself become a new flash point for conflicts—causing more conflict to occur— especially conflicts over AI-relevant resources (such as data centres, semiconductor manufacturing facilities and raw materials)."

    From A Survey of the Potential Long-term Impacts of AI: How AI Could Lead to Long-term Changes in Science, Cooperation, Power, Epistemics and Values (Clarke2023)

  14. 58.05.05 · Risk Sub-Category

    Financial and business

    Increased competition

    "Increased competition - The inappropriate or unethical use of technology to gain market share."

    From A Collaborative, Human-Centred Taxonomy of AI, Algorithmic, and Automation Harms (Abercrombie2024)

  15. "The international and national security threats, including cyber warfare, arms races, and geopolitical instability."

    From A Taxonomy of Systemic Risks from General-Purpose AI (Uuk2025)

  16. 61.02.17 · Risk Sub-Category

    Sources of systemic risks from general-purpose AI

    Dangerous development races

    "Competitive pressures could lead to the neglect of safety measures in AI development."

    From A Taxonomy of Systemic Risks from General-Purpose AI (Uuk2025)

  17. 61.02.26 · Risk Sub-Category

    Sources of systemic risks from general-purpose AI

    Geopolitical competition for superiority

    "Strategic competition between nations over AI capabilities could heighten global tensions and destabilize international relations."

    From A Taxonomy of Systemic Risks from General-Purpose AI (Uuk2025)

  18. 61.02.27 · Risk Sub-Category

    Sources of systemic risks from general-purpose AI

    High-speed AI operations

    "The fast operational speed of AI models and systems in competitive environments can lead to errors that are difficult to detect and correct in time."

    From A Taxonomy of Systemic Risks from General-Purpose AI (Uuk2025)

  19. 62.29.03 · Risk Sub-Category

    Impacts of AI (General)

    Competitive pressures in GPAI product release

    "In competitive situations, developers of general-purpose AI systems might cut corners on the safety evaluation of their GPAI model and instead spend more time and effort on the capabilities of those systems [183, 69]. This is especially dangerous if the capabilities of such AI systems are correlated with the risk they pose [162]."

    From Risk Sources and Risk Management Measures in Support of Standards for General-Purpose AI Systems (Gipiškis2024)

  20. 62.29.03a · Additional evidence

    Impacts of AI (General)

    Competitive pressures in GPAI product release

  21. 68.06.00 · Risk Category

    Geopolitical risk

    "As AI is increasingly seen as a powerful technology, countries are racing to develop it ahead of their geopolitical rivals, a competition that could lead to geopolitical tensions [138], [139]... The emphasis of this risk is on harms that result from second-order effects, where geopolitical instabilities result from the race to develop AI, rather than on the direct consequences of the deployment or use of AI itself."

    From Dimensional Characterization and Pathway Modeling for Catastrophic AI Risks (Chin2025)

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