Practical requirements extracted from policy instruments, with the source article, the actors they bind, evidence examples and original framework mappings. Legal requirements are marked; everything else is voluntary guidance.
Covers data lineage and quality, minimising bias in datasets, model explainability, repeatability, robustness, regular tuning and active monitoring after deployment.
Source-linked (a factual check against the official source, not a legal review)
Voluntary guidanceGovernance and accountability·Singapore
Organisations should adapt existing governance to AI: clear roles and responsibilities, board and senior management oversight, risk-management and internal controls, and staff training.
Source-linked (a factual check against the official source, not a legal review)
Voluntary guidanceGovernance and accountability·United Kingdom
AI systems should not undermine legal rights, discriminate unfairly or create unfair market outcomes. The Equality Act 2010 and UK GDPR fairness principle make key parts of this binding.
Source-linked (a factual check against the official source, not a legal review)
Using a risk-impact matrix (probability and severity of harm), organisations choose human-in-the-loop, human-over-the-loop or human-out-of-the-loop designs and document the rationale.
Source-linked (a factual check against the official source, not a legal review)
An AI business operator that provides high-impact AI, or a product or service using it, is to make efforts to assess in advance the impact the AI may have on people's fundamental rights. The provision is drafted as an endeavour duty rather than a hard requirement, but public bodies procuring high-impact AI are directed to give preference to products that have undergone such an assessment, and the ministry may set assessment methods.
Verified (a factual check against the official source, not a legal review)Applies from 22 Jan 2026
Manage allocates resources to mapped and measured risks, plans responses including decommissioning, manages third-party risks, and documents post-deployment monitoring, incident response and communication.
Source-linked (a factual check against the official source, not a legal review)
Voluntary guidanceTransparency and disclosure·United Kingdom
Organisations should communicate when and how AI is used and provide explanations proportionate to the risk, so that people can understand decisions affecting them. For personal data, UK GDPR transparency and automated decision-making rights make this binding in practice.
Source-linked (a factual check against the official source, not a legal review)
Voluntary guidanceVendor and supply-chain governance·Australia
Establish processes for people impacted by AI to challenge use or outcomes; be transparent with other organisations across the AI supply chain about data, models and systems; and keep and maintain records to allow third parties to assess compliance.
Source-linked (a factual check against the official source, not a legal review)
A single practical requirement pulled out of an instrument and stated on its own: keep a risk management system, log incidents, document training data, provide human oversight, and so on. Each one cites the article or section it comes from so you can check it against the source.
Does a voluntary obligation have legal force?
No, and every obligation is labelled either a legal requirement or voluntary guidance. Voluntary items still matter in practice, because procurement questionnaires and auditors ask about them, but only the binding ones carry legal consequence.
How do I find the obligations that apply to my organisation?
Filter by jurisdiction, category, actor, sector or use case. The applicability check asks a short set of questions and returns the duties that may reach you. It is an educational screen, not a legal determination, and it says so.
Why do some instruments have no obligations listed?
Because nobody has broken them out yet. Most instruments are recorded at summary level first; obligations are added jurisdiction by jurisdiction. The coverage and open-gaps pages publish exactly what is missing rather than hiding it.