AIPolicyTracker

By use case · Biometrics and facial recognition

Biometric and facial recognition AI: the rules that apply

Biometric AI is where prohibitions live. Real-time remote identification in public spaces, biometric categorisation by sensitive traits and emotion recognition in workplaces and schools are banned or tightly conditioned in several jurisdictions; where a biometric use is allowed it is almost always high-risk, with the full set of provider and deployer duties on top of data-protection rules for biometric data.

Recorded duties
21
20 legally binding
Jurisdictions
7
Controls
22
that meet these duties
Evidence items
67

Screen for prohibited uses first

The prohibited-use gate is a control of its own below: an inventory question answered before any risk assessment, because a prohibited use has no compliant configuration.

Then the high-risk set

Accuracy across demographic groups, human verification of matches, logging and a data-protection impact assessment are the duties that follow. The controls are listed with the incident history of the risk areas they address.

Which controls meet these duties?

Sorted by how many of the duties on this page each control satisfies, so the ones worth building first are at the top. A control page lists every other duty it serves, in every jurisdiction.

Controls for this audience
ControlSatisfiesSupportsOwner · frequency
Privacy and data-protection controls for AI
Process
42Data protection officer · once per ai system
Automatic event logging and record retention
Technical measure
23Engineering lead · continuous
Prohibited and unacceptable-use screening gate
Process
21AI governance lead · once per ai system
Accuracy, robustness, fairness and security testing
Technical measure
20Quality or testing lead · at launch and on material change
AI governance policy and accountability structure
Policy
12Executive sponsor for AI · annual
Conformity assessment, declaration and registration
Process
11Regulatory compliance lead · once per ai system
Human oversight design and override procedure
Process
11AI system owner · once per ai system
Data governance and dataset documentation
Process
10Data governance lead · once per ai system
AI interaction and use disclosure notices
Process
10Product owner · at launch and on material change
Contractual allocation of AI duties across the supply chain
Contractual term
10Legal counsel · once per ai system
AI risk assessment and lifecycle risk register
Process
10AI system owner · once per ai system
Public-sector AI use-case register and algorithmic transparency
Process
10Agency AI officer · annual
AI incident management and regulatory reporting
Process
10Incident coordinator · continuous
AI impact and fundamental-rights impact assessment
Process
03AI system owner · once per ai system
Adversarial and red-team testing for generative AI
Technical measure
02AI security or safety lead · at launch and on material change
Post-deployment monitoring and drift detection
Technical measure
02AI system owner · continuous
Training-data provenance and copyright register
Process
02Model development lead · at launch and on material change
Technical documentation, model cards and instructions for use
Process
02Product or model owner · at launch and on material change
Quality management system for AI development and supply
Policy
02Quality lead · annual
AI system inventory and classification
Process
02AI governance lead · continuous
AI literacy and role-based training programme
Training programme
01Learning and development lead · annual
Vendor and third-party AI due diligence
Process
01Procurement or vendor risk lead · once per ai system

Which duties are recorded?

Every published duty whose record names this audience. It is the recorded set, not every rule in the world; a jurisdiction missing here may simply not be mapped yet (open gaps).

European Union 15 duties

Nepal 1 duty

South Korea 1 duty

Texas (United States) 1 duty

United Arab Emirates 1 duty

United Kingdom 1 duty

United States 1 duty

What evidence would a reviewer expect?

  • AI customer or deployer clause set Contract clause or supplier term
  • AI data-flow and legal-basis record Register entry
  • AI governance forum minutes Governance meeting record
  • AI impact assessment Impact assessment
  • AI incident record Incident record
  • AI incident response playbook Procedure or standard operating process
  • AI intake and classification procedure Procedure or standard operating process
  • AI interaction or use notice Disclosure or notice
  • AI policy Policy document
  • AI quality management system manual Policy document
  • AI responsibility map Register entry
  • AI supplier and component register Register entry
  • AI supplier clause set Contract clause or supplier term
  • AI supplier due-diligence assessment Supplier assessment
  • AI system event logs Access or activity log
  • AI system register Register entry
  • AI system risk assessment Risk assessment
  • AI training completion records Training record
  • AI training curriculum and materials Policy document
  • Adversarial findings tracker Risk register
  • Algorithmic transparency statement for one use case Disclosure or notice
  • Board or executive approval of the AI policy Approval or sign-off record
  • Conformity evidence pack Technical documentation file
  • Contract clause index against the AI register Register entry
  • Copyright and rights-reservation policy Policy document
  • Data protection impact assessment for an AI system Data protection impact assessment
  • Data quality and bias check report Evaluation or test report
  • Dataset approval for use Approval or sign-off record
  • Dataset documentation sheet Dataset documentation
  • Declaration of conformity or certificate Conformity declaration or certificate
  • Human oversight and override procedure Procedure or standard operating process
  • Human-involvement design rationale Approval or sign-off record
  • Impact assessment approval Approval or sign-off record
  • Impact assessment procedure and template Procedure or standard operating process
  • Incident report to an authority Regulatory filing or notification
  • Independent data audit or DPO review Audit or assurance report
  • Instructions for use Disclosure or notice
  • Internal audit of the AI management system Audit or assurance report
  • Inventory review and publication sign-off Approval or sign-off record
  • Log integrity and retention check Audit or assurance report
  • Log schema and retention standard Procedure or standard operating process
  • Management review minutes Governance meeting record
  • Model card or deployer information pack Model documentation
  • Monitoring dashboard or periodic monitoring report Monitoring record
  • Monitoring review decision Approval or sign-off record
  • Notice catalogue Register entry
  • Notice wording approval Approval or sign-off record
  • Overseer training completion Training record
  • Per-system AI risk register Risk register
  • Post-market monitoring plan Procedure or standard operating process
  • Pre-release test report Evaluation or test report
  • Privacy notice section on AI use Disclosure or notice
  • Prohibited-use screening record Approval or sign-off record
  • Public AI use-case inventory Register entry
  • Public summary of training content Disclosure or notice
  • Red-team exercise report Evaluation or test report
  • Red-team rules of engagement and scenario library Procedure or standard operating process
  • Registration record in the relevant database Regulatory filing or notification
  • Release test sign-off Approval or sign-off record
  • Residual-risk acceptance Approval or sign-off record
  • Risk-tier classification sign-off Approval or sign-off record
  • Role-to-curriculum training matrix Procedure or standard operating process
  • Screening list and escalation procedure Procedure or standard operating process
  • Supplier onboarding decision Approval or sign-off record
  • Technical documentation file Technical documentation file
  • Test plan and acceptance criteria Procedure or standard operating process
  • Training source register Register entry

Latest changes to these instruments

Informational only, not legal advice. Verify every claim against the linked official sources and consult qualified counsel before acting.

Frequently asked questions

Is verification (one-to-one) treated like identification (one-to-many)?
Generally no: one-to-one verification such as unlocking a device is often excluded from the strictest categories, while one-to-many identification is the prohibited or high-risk case. The duty page cites the definition.
What evidence does a permitted biometric use need?
The prohibited-use screening record, the impact assessment, accuracy testing by group, the human verification procedure, the notice, and the logs.